The Chinese commercial space sector is the hottest front in 21st-century geoeconomic, strategic, and military intelligence competition , currently defined by power asymmetry  and the overwhelming operational dominance of the United States . Beijing's goal of becoming an " aerospace power " is hampered by a "mixed and urgent situation" where the US, via the operational monopoly of SpaceX , has already saturated critical space resources, particularly Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and s

Both China and Russia are significantly strengthening their respective cybersecurity regulatory frameworks. A comparative analysis of the amendments to China's Cybersecurity Law (CSL) (effective January 2026) and the new Russian FSB ordinances ( draft regulatory proposals currently under public consultation , slated to take effect in January 2026) reveals strong analogies  in their strategies for cyberspace control. These reflect common geopolitical trends oriented toward c

The evolution of the Chinese biomedical sector has emerged as the primary critical issue in commercial intelligence and global geoeconomic strategy dynamics. China is no longer merely a leader in generic API production (with an estimated control of 80% of the global supply chain  in 2023), but has completed a strategic industrial transformation  to establish itself as a global innovation power . A critical analysis of internal data and policies, including the findings of the

The Low-Altitude Economy (LAE)  is recognized as a strategic pillar in China, qualifying as a key representative of "new quality productive forces" and a vital engine for achieving the national goal of technological self-reliance and self-improvement . This rapid expansion, encompassing the movement of drones and eVTOL aircraft, relies on the critical infrastructure known as the Low-Altitude Aerial Intelligent Network (LAIN) . The China Industrial Internet Research Institute

The Geopolitics of Pharmaceuticals and the Mapping of Chinese Dominance The Chinese biopharmaceutical industry is accelerating to complete a strategic industrial transformation, definitively surpassing its role as a leader in generic API production (with an estimated 80% control of the global supply chain in 2023) to establish itself as a global power in strategic innovation. As mentioned , this transition, in line with the objectives of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the Made in C

Beijing's Rise in the High Value-Added Sector and the Risks of Asymmetric Leverage on Medicines and Sensitive Data The Chinese bio-pharmaceutical industry is undergoing an epochal revolution , evolving from its historical role as a major producer of generic drugs to a global powerhouse in innovation . This rapid and strategic metamorphosis is reshaping global power dynamics in the healthcare sector, creating significant geoeconomic leverage in the hands of Chinese President X

How DJBH, the “Three Harmonizations and Six Defenses” doctrine, and Digital Security ERP transform private companies into an operational arm of state cyber defense The cybersecurity landscape in China is defined by a national integration strategy that transcends the traditional separation between the private sector and the state defense apparatus. Far from being a mere commercial relationship, this synergy is the result of an explicit regulatory framework that inextricably li

Two Dictators, One Throne: Strategic Synergy Between the Indo-Pacific (Taiwan) and Eurasia (Central Asia) Susan Miller , Gabriele , and Nicola Iuvinale China's entire global strategy is driven by a cynical calculation that inextricably links the conflict in Ukraine to the ambition of dominating the Indo-Pacific, with the ultimate goal of annexing Taiwan. On July 3, 2025, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi  admitted that Beijing "cannot afford for Russia to lose the war in Ukrai

The competition between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the West has now taken on the form of Liminal Warfare , a systemic conflict in which the future of the global order is at stake. Since Xi Jinping came to power in 2012, the Chinese leadership has translated its desire for power into an explicit geostrategic doctrine: global technological dominance , with the stated goal of surpassing the United States and establishing a new Sinocentric world order (the conc

The End of Stealth? China's AEW Airship Threat and the Necessary Dual-Track Response for the F-35

The meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and American President Donald Trump, which took place in Busan on October 30, 2025 , on the sidelines of the APEC summit, marked a turning point in Sino-American relations. The immediate designation of the event by Trump as a "G2"  meeting had a disruptive geopolitical impact, as it validated Beijing's strategic parity , accepting the idea of a global order jointly managed by the two superpowers. The central subject of discussi

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transcended its role as a mere emerging technology to become the driving force behind a total revolution  that is rewriting the rules of the game on a global scale. China is acutely aware of this, and has openly declared that AI presents a critical historical opportunity to rebuild its innovation system from the ground up  and firmly establish itself as a global science and technology powerhouse . The core of this ambition is the "AI Plus" (or

The meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and American President Donald Trump in Busan on October 30, 2025, cannot be reduced to a mere tactical agreement to alleviate tariff pressures. On the contrary, it represents a breaking point, a de facto acknowledgment of Beijing's systemic parity  by Washington, and with it, a potential international legitimization of the Chinese totalitarianism  led by Xi Jinping. Xi's words, claiming that Chinese ambitions and the American "

The rise of the Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BDS)  is not merely a chronicle of Chinese technological success, but the palpable manifestation of a strategic imperative for autarky  imposed by the leadership of Xi Jinping . Starting from the necessity to eliminate a crippling technological vulnerability—reliance on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) controlled by foreign powers—China has forged Beidou into an instrument of Information Sovereignty  ( 信息主权 ) and,

On October 28, the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress voted to approve the decision to amend the Cybersecurity Law , which will come into effect on January 1, 2026 . This regulatory revision comes amid growing global technological and ideological competition. Digital sovereignty has become a crucial battleground, with major powers vying to assert control over cyberspace and data flows. The People's Republic of China (PRC) , unde

The Future of Warfare: Ideology, Technology, and Domain. Strategic Comparison (PLA ESW vs. US MDO): From Dialectical Materialism to the Conquest of the Electromagnetic Spectrum

The Formulation of the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030): The Inevitable Merger of Security and Development in Xi Jinping's Imperial Mandate The global geopolitical landscape has been unequivocally redefined by the outcomes of the Fourth Plenum of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) , which concluded in Beijing in October 2025. The immediate context is marked by the public release today, October 28, 2025 , of the two documents that constitute the id

The world has entered a phase of profound and structural strategic competition between great powers , where confrontation is no longer limited to the traditional economic or military spheres but is increasingly fought on the ground of technological supremacy and institutional shaping . This new scenario, often described as "targeted decoupling" or "institutional warfare," has triggered a radical transformation in the landscape of global Science and Technology (S&T) governance

Extrema Ratio: The PRC's National Defense Education Reform (2022-2024) The Mandate of Qiushi

The advent of Embodied AI , with increasingly autonomous and integrated humanoid robots, marked a point of no return in global security. Cyber threats have moved beyond the realm of code to manifest as risks of physical harm and destruction. The news is dominated by the " GeekCon 2025 Fist ," the incident in which a hacker attack on a Chinese robot demonstrated how easily a machine can be compromised and turned into a weapon, even a "digital Trojan horse" capable of infecting